2009年6月10日星期三

苏州的吃

苏州的吃,跟苏州的园林一样,小中见大。

在苏州这样的城市,亭台楼阁都纤巧玲珑,不适宜搞满汉全席什么的。一看就不是那个路子。同样,苏州人也不喜欢大吃二喝,讲究少而精。找一家小饭馆,摆开小碟子、小碗、小酒杯,说一些小话题。跟朋友相约喝一点儿也叫小聚。

在苏州,最精致最出彩的还是小吃。

小吃,一般都属于小本经营,但要做到价廉物美并不容易。首先要求经营者必须有耐心。苏州的小贩,在这方面是过关的。小摊上卖的小吃,常常比有门面的店家的同类食品更有滋味。早先的馄饨担就是一例。馄饨担相当于走街穿巷的“游击队员”,在路边架起锅灶,摊主总能以包裹肉馅的麻利动作(真是一门手艺!)以及骨头汤的浓香,吸引来馋得直流口水的顾客。在风中啧啧有色地吃一碗辣油馄饨,站起来,脸上都流露出满足的表情。难道如此廉价的馄饨,就能使人轻而易举地成为瞬间的神仙?

苏州人把专售包子水饺等各种面食的铺子叫做件头店。“件头店之物品,每不若馄饨担上所制之佳,以其专精也……盖有担上之馄饨,因挑担者只售馄饨一味,欲与面馆件头店争冲,非特加改良不可,故其质料非常考究。”(引自莲影《苏州小食志》)真是门门懂不如一门精。馄饨担,馄饨担,可以拿“单项冠军”的。担上的馄饨,把店里的馄饨挤垮了。看来真不要小瞧小吃。小吃不小。

莲影在介绍苏州茶食时提及大方糕,堪称传奇:“春末夏初,大方糕上市,数十年前,即有此品,每笼十六方,四周十二方系豆沙猪油,居中四方系攻瑰白糖猪油,每日只出一笼,售完为此,其名贵可知。彼时铜圆尚未流行,每方仅制钱四文,斯真价廉物美矣。但顾客之后至者,辄不得食,且顾客嗜好不同,每因争购而口角打架,店主恐因此肇祸,遂停售多年。迩来重复售卖,大加改良,七点钟前,若晨起较迟,则售卖已完,无从染指矣。”听到这里,你猜我想到什么?首先想到:店主真够洒脱,明明有巨大需求却仍限量供应(每日只出一笼),宁愿放弃商机也不想活得太劳累。哪像生意人?快向艺术家看齐了(把大方糕当成雕塑作品了)。但这无形中也吊起了顾客的胃口。其次想到:顾客真不够洒脱,居然为抢购糕点而动起拳脚,仿佛在追求真理,也忒执著了……

每日只出一笼、每方仅制钱四文的大方糕,就生意而言,绝对属于“小儿科”了。恐怕只有在苏州,才会出这样的店主,和这样的顾客。

苏州的名气很大,但在格局上乃至本质上,还算小城。小城故事多。包括那么多关于小吃的故事。小吃不小。小城不小。

玄妙观前有一家园林式的茶馆叫吴苑。吴苑的东边,又有一家酒店叫王宝和。曹聚仁先生进去品尝过:“他们的酒可真不错,和绍兴酒店的柜台酒又不相同,店中只是卖酒,不带酒菜,连花生米、卤豆腐干都不备。可是,家常酒菜贩子,以少妇少女为多,川流不息,各家卖各家的;卤品以外,如粉蒸肉、烧鸡、熏鱼、烧鹅、酱鸭,各有各的口味。酒客各样切一碟,摆满了一桌,吃得津津有味。”店主只卖酒不卖菜,宁愿把卖菜的机会以及利润出让给小贩,你说他是小气呢还是大方?这或许就是苏州的风格,苏州的方式。曹聚仁先生说自己在苏州住的两年间,颇安于苏州式生活享受,无论听评弹、游园林,还是喝茶、吃点心:“苏式点心,也闯入我的生活单子中来。直到今日,我还是不惯喝洋茶,吃广东点心的。我是隋炀帝的信徒。”隋炀帝挖运河,为了更方便地下江南。咀嚼着精益求精的苏式点心,你会明白饮食中的江南是怎么回事。

说来说去,都是些小吃。苏州的小吃是勾魂的。相比之下,满汉全席,显得有点“假大空”了。

当然,苏州也能办酒席的。也有大厨师。如果在宾馆里办,没什么稀奇的。苏州的妙处,在于它有大大小小的园林,可供露天聚饮。这是有传统的。天命在《星社溯往》一文中,回忆上世纪四十年代,星社同仁经常借园林之宝地,举办“酒集”:“每月一次,照聚餐办法,要奢要俭,定于公议。苏州有着不少的园林,可以假座,如狮子林、汪义庄、鹤园、网师园、怡园、拙政园、程公祠,凡是有林泉亭榭之胜的,都到过。中间次数最多的是鹤园,因为地点适中,主人又属素稔,佣僮伺应也周到,有宾至如归之乐。”直到最近,还听苏州诗人车前子说起,他曾在某处园林,参加一位亲戚的婚宴。场面显得既夸张又别致。(让我纳闷的是,园林里哪来的大厨房?估计连明火都要禁止吧?)

不禁突发奇想:待我手头这本饮食文化的书出版后,可以考虑在苏州园林举行一次新闻发布会或新书首发式。毕竟,苏州是出美食家的地方。

把他们全请来!

可以没有“红包”,但不能没有美酒。

假如文物管理部门禁止在园林里埋锅造饭,那就改作冷餐会。自助式的。每个亭子、每个楼阁里都摆一桌。大家可以端着盘子、排着队形在假山与金鱼池间穿梭。挨着个儿挟菜。

 

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2009年6月7日星期日

American health salad

Raw materials:
1 avocado (shea butter), salad vegetables, cooked eggs, grapefruit, purple cabbage, grilled almond chip.

Practices:
1: all the vegetables, fruits and cut into suitable chip or wire Add a big salad pots;
2: adding the right amount of olive oil, salt and pepper mix;
3: Finally, sprinkle the almonds film can be grilled.

Tips:
1: cold salad the best use of healthy olive oil flavor;
2: In addition to vegetables, add the best of 1-2 kinds of fruit;
3: The last of the almonds are also added grilled piece (or walnut, etc.) to make a salad more Shannon Estuary.

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2009年6月5日星期五

Scrambled eggs and tomatoes

Material:
Tomatoes 2 or 3, 3 eggs, chives 1, 1 tablespoon white sugar, white pepper, salt a little, a little MSG.

Practices:
1, designated at the top of tomatoes after the wash, "10" characters, poured水烫open two minutes after the skin biopsy.
2 eggs into the bowl, adding a little white pepper, salt and MSG, to break up the reserve.
3, green onion cut into chives cleaned.
4, add a little oil down very badly with fever, rapid classified into scattered eggs, after solidification of-sheng.
5, re-poured into the pan with a little oil into a very badly burned 7 heat, stir fried into the fire tomatoes, then add sugar saute well-distributed, and then stir into the eggs together, and finally transferred to a little salt and monosodium glutamate, sprinkled before to get up pan can chopped green onion.

2009年6月4日星期四

Pineapple sliced chicken soup

Seasoning: 2 tablespoons oil, 1 tablespoon cooking wine, starch 1 / 2 tablespoon salt amount.

Practices:
1, with warm water to deal with good  wash clean pineapple (pineapple buy now will help when the owner of the fruit peel and stabbed many cases), cut into 2 cm thick film fan, and then cut small pieces, salt water soak for 15 minutes in saline salinity generally prevail cooking;
2, chicken breast slices, add cooking wine, salt and starch mix appropriate pickle;
3, Fasciolopsis into wire;
4, hot pan put oil, ginger oil heat savory after the release, under the breast, a few stir into pineapple, add water, boil seasoning salt can after eating.

Efficacy:
Fresh and delicious, appetizer Xiaoshi, Jianpi thirst.

This food is very good.

2009年6月3日星期三

Six ways to identify poisonous mushrooms

1, the control law:

Suitable for use with the Color Atlas of mushrooms, one by one to identify local edible fungi or mushroom poisoning is a very good idea.

Buy reminded: In order to sell lover, to extend the "shelf life", even with illegal vendors in preparing mushroom fluorescent whitening agent.

2, look at the shape:

Mushroom poisoning is generally more stick-slip, dip more often cap on the growth of a number of objects or as plaque-like patches. Stipe often strains the Central (the same as wearing a miniskirt). Few non-toxic mushrooms Central bacteria.

3, view color:

Mushroom poisoning mostly golden, pink, white, black, green. Non-toxic mushrooms for coffee, or gray red lilacinus.

5, see secretions:

Will pick fresh wild mushrooms strains tear off rod, non-toxic clear secretions such as water, the individual is white, tear off surface bacteria do not change color; thick secretions toxic concentration, was auburn, tear fractured easily change in the air.

6, not sure if it is to identify non-toxic mushrooms, do not fit for human consumption, if accidentally eaten a poisonous mushroom, it is timely to take emetic, gastric lavage, catharsis, etc. to carry out effective measures to deal with, and promptly sent to hospital for treatment.

2009年6月2日星期二

Tomato beef vegetable soup

Raw materials:
A bowl of cooked sirloin (with soup), tomato (medium size) 5, onion 1 / 2 months, shoots 1 / 2 months, celery 1 small to, tofu 1 box

Accessories:
Ginger, garlic the amount of soy sauce 1 Tbsp, 2 tsp salt, a little MSG, coriander broken amount of sesame oil 1 tsp

Practices:
1, washed, peeled tomatoes, cut into pieces. Wash asparagus, peeled, cut diamond-shaped tablets. Untiringly to onion skin, wash, cut into shreds. Wash celery, cut paragraph. Cut bean curd growth box, bowl, add 1 tsp salt, into the boiling water until the salt melt, the poured into the Mankiw, Baptist 15 minutes.
2, pan fry the fire, poured into the oil, five hours into a hot fire to small and medium-sized next to the ginger, garlic,saute savory after the tomatoes into pieces, stir change in the fire and transferred to salt, soy sauce, fried into ambiguous symptoms, the full amount of water poured into the fire after the boil, turn the lid covered with small and medium fire cook about 10 minutes.
3, poured into the cooked sirloin (decoction), covered with lid for about 15 minutes of small fire cooking adding Mankiw Drain water, cover the lid continue cooking 20 minutes.
4, the soup pot to be about close to half, adding onion and celery, in fire cooking after five minutes, and then joined the slice, according to the tastes of salt and then transferred to appropriate large fire cooking to 2 minutes.
5, off the heat, the redeployment of monosodium glutamate, sesame oil, pieces can be cast into the parsley.

2009年6月1日星期一

Random small saute

Material:
A small tree broccoli, carrots half root, 5 mushrooms, asparagus 5, 100 grams bacon, 2 garlic, a few chives.

Spices:
Salt, sugar, chicken essence.

Practices:
1, small flowers Hand-torn broccoli, asparagus to remove the old skin into a paragraph,water proof to steam cooked bacon slices, carrots and sliced Garlic, green onions cut.
2, hot pan into the oil, onion oil and garlic after the release saute savory let stir fried meat and carrots, then broccoli and asparagus stir fried with the Add a while.
3, adding a little salt, sugar, chicken essence and water, boil the fire after 1 minute to cook.
4, because bacon is salty, so put some salt less.